The GCMS actually is two separate instruments combined: a gas chromatograph and a mass spectrometer. The combination makes it a very powerful scientific tool, and the instrument is the most complicated one the Atmospheric Experiment Branch has ever built. (Click here for an enlarged and easily printable graphic.)
Choose a link to read more about the GCMS:
Go to the interactive diagram
Go to the explanation of a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer
Go to the GCMS descent sequence